Teaching Diversity:
Influences & Issues
in the Classroom
Instructor Name: |
Dr. Pamela Bernards |
Phone: |
509-891-7219 |
Office Hours: |
8 a.m. to 5 p.m. PST Monday – Friday |
Email: |
pamela_bernards@virtualeduc.com |
Address: |
Virtual Education Software |
|
23403 E Mission Avenue, Suite 220F |
|
Liberty Lake, WA 99019 |
Technical Support: |
Welcome to Teaching Diversity: Influences & Issues in the Classroom, an interactive computer-based instruction course designed to give you the knowledge and tools to facilitate a diverse classroom effectively. This course will help you understand and identify differences in approaches to learning and performance, including different learning styles and ways in which students demonstrate learning. This course will emphasize understanding how students’ learning is influenced by individual experiences, talents, disabilities, gender, language, culture, family, and community values. You will be challenged to apply knowledge of the richness of contributions from our diverse society to your teaching field.
This computer-based instruction course is a self-supporting program that provides instruction, structured practice, and evaluation all on your home or school computer. Technical support information can be found, in the Help section of your course.
Title: |
Teaching Diversity: Influences & Issues in the
Classroom |
Publisher: |
Virtual
Education Software, inc. 2005, Revised 2010, Revised 2014, |
Instructor: |
Dr. Pamela Bernards |
The structure and format of most distance-learning courses presume a high level of personal and academic integrity in completion and submission of coursework. Individuals enrolled in a distance-learning course are expected to adhere to the following standards of academic conduct.
Academic work submitted by the individual (such as papers, assignments, reports, tests) shall be the student’s own work or appropriately attributed, in part or in whole, to its correct source. Submission of commercially prepared (or group prepared) materials as if they are one’s own work is unacceptable.
The individual will encourage honesty in others by refraining from providing materials or information to another person with knowledge that these materials or information will be used improperly.
Violations of these academic
standards will result in the assignment of a failing grade and subsequent loss
of credit for the course.
This course is designed to be an informational course with application to educational settings. The strategies were designed to be used to aid in teaching students in a diverse classroom ranging from K-12. The strategies are general in nature, are not intended to be prescriptive, and are not intended to be used as a formula. As is true of all information, the information covered in this course should not be used to stereotype any students based on cultural, ethnic, gender, etc. differences.
As a result of this course,
participants will demonstrate their ability to:
This course is designed to help classroom teachers, school counselors, and other educational personnel gain strategies to understand how our diverse society influences student learning in the classroom. Participants will explore issues of culture, gender, and individuals with exceptionalities, and how these affect a student’s learning and behavior in the classroom.
The course is divided into four chapters. At the completion of each chapter, there will be an examination covering the material. Students must complete the examination before proceeding to the next chapter. This sequential approach to learning will help all participants to gain a better understanding of what they have learned as they proceed through the course.
Although this course is a presentation of societal issues and how these affect the classroom, there is certainly a wealth of research and topics not covered in the scope of this course. The instructor highly recommends that you augment your readings from this course with further research to gain a fuller understanding of the complexities of this subject. In addition to what is required in this course and your individual research, the instructor recommends that you read research from the authors found in the reference section of this syllabus.
As a student you will be
expected to:
·
Complete all four
information sections showing a competent understanding of the material
presented in each section.
·
Complete all four
section examinations, showing a competent understanding of the material
presented. You must obtain
an overall score of 70% or higher,
with no individual exam score below
50%, and successfully complete ALL writing assignments to pass this course.
*Please
note: Minimum exam score requirements may vary by college or university;
therefore, you should refer to your course addendum to determine what your
minimum exam score requirements are.
·
Complete a review of any
section on which your examination score was below 50%.
·
Retake any examination,
after completing an information review, to increase that examination score to a
minimum of 50%, making sure to also be achieving an overall exam score of a
minimum 70% (maximum of three attempts). *Please note: Minimum
exam score requirements may vary by college or university; therefore, you
should refer to your course addendum to determine what your minimum exam score
requirements are.
·
Complete all course journal article and essay writing
assignments with the minimum word count shown for each writing assignment.
·
Complete a course evaluation form at the end of the course.
This chapter explores how our society has changed, the diversity of our society as a whole, and the diversity of the community where the participant lives and works.
This chapter explores research norms about race, ethnicity, and
culture while challenging individuals to refrain from using this information to
stereotype but instead to use it
as a foundation to start understanding people as individuals. Participants are challenged to evaluate their own attitudes
and teaching honestly and to change them, if necessary, in efforts to teach so
that all students succeed in their classrooms.
This chapter explores research norms about gender differences while challenging individuals to refrain from using this information to stereotype. Participants are challenged to evaluate their own attitudes and teaching honestly and to change them, if necessary, in efforts to teach so that all students succeed in their classrooms. In addition, the influence of gangs is discussed.
This chapter explores socioeconomic issues in our society and how they affect the students in your classroom while challenging individuals to refrain from using this information to stereotype. Participants are challenged to evaluate their own attitudes and teaching honestly and to change them, if necessary, to teach so that all students succeed in their classrooms.
At the end of each chapter, you will be expected to complete an examination designed to assess your knowledge. You may take these exams a total of three times. Your last score will save, not the highest score. After your third attempt, each examination will lock and not allow further access. The average from your exam scores will be printed on your certificate. However, this is not your final grade since your required writing assignments have not been reviewed. Exceptionally written or poorly written required writing assignments, or violation of the Academic Integrity Policy in the course syllabus, will affect your grade. As this is a self-paced computerized instruction program, you may review course information as often as necessary. You will not be able to exit any examinations until you have answered all questions. If you try to exit the exam section before you complete all questions, your information will be lost. You are expected to complete the entire exam in one sitting.
All assignments are reviewed and may impact your final grade. Exceptionally
or poorly written assignments, or violation of the Academic Integrity Policy
(see course syllabus for policy), will affect your grade. Fifty percent of your
grade is determined by your writing assignments, and your overall exam score
determines the other fifty percent. Refer to the Essay Grading Guidelines, which were sent as an attachment with your original course link. You should also refer to the Course Syllabus Addendum, which was sent
as an attachment with your original course link, to determine if you have any
writing assignments in addition to the Critical Thinking Questions (CTQ) and
Journal Article Summations (JAS). If you do, the Essay Grading Guidelines will also apply.
Your writing assignments must meet the minimum word count and are not to include the question or your final citations as part of your word count. In other words, the question and citations are not to be used as a means to meet the minimum word count.
There are four CTQs that you
are required to complete. You will need to write a minimum of 500 words (maximum
1,000) per essay. You should explain how the information that you gained from
the course will be applied and clearly convey a strong understanding of the
course content as it relates to each CTQ. To view the questions, click on
REQUIRED ESSAY and choose the CTQ that you are ready to complete; this will
bring up a screen where you may enter your essay. Prior to course submission,
you may go back at any point to edit your essay, but you must be certain to
click SAVE once you are done with your edits.
You must click SAVE before you write another essay or move
on to another part of the course.
You are required to write, in
your own words, a summary on a total of three peer-reviewed or scholarly
journal articles (one article per JAS), written by an author with a Ph.D.,
Ed.D., or similar, on the topic outlined within each JAS section in the
“Required Essays” portion of the course (blogs, abstracts, news articles, or
similar are not acceptable). Your article choice must relate specifically to
the discussion topic listed in each individual JAS. You will choose a total of
three relevant articles (one article per JAS) and write a thorough summary of
the information presented in each article (you must write a minimum of 200
words with a 400 word maximum per JAS). Be sure to
provide the URL or the journal name, volume, date, and any other critical
information to allow the facilitator to access and review each article.
To write your summary, click on REQUIRED ESSAYS and choose the JAS that you would like to complete. A writing program will automatically launch where you can write your summary. When you are ready to stop, click SAVE. Prior to course submission, you may go back at any point to edit your summaries, but you must be certain to click SAVE once you are done with your edits. For more information on the features of this assignment, please consult the HELP menu.
You must click SAVE before you write another summary or move
on to another part of the course.
You may contact the instructor by emailing pamela_bernards@virtualeduc.com or by calling 509-891-7219, Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. PST. Phone messages will be answered within 24 hours. Phone conferences will be limited to ten minutes per student, per day, given that this is a self-paced instructional program. Please do not contact the instructor about technical problems, course glitches, or other issues involving the course's operation.
If you have questions or problems related to the operation of this course, please try everything twice. If the problem persists please check our support pages for FAQs and known issues at www.virtualeduc.com and also the Help section of your course.
If you need personal assistance then email support@virtualeduc.com or call 509-891-7219. When contacting technical support, please know your course version number (it is located at the bottom left side of the Welcome Screen) and your operating system, and be seated in front of the computer at the time of your call.
Please refer to VESi’s website: www.virtualeduc.com or contact VESi if you have further questions about the compatibility of your operating system.
Refer to the addendum
regarding Grading Criteria, Course Completion Information, Items to be
Submitted, and how to submit your completed information. The addendum will also
note any additional course assignments that you may be required to complete
that are not listed in this syllabus.
AACAP [American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry]. (2017, September). Gangs and children. (No. 98). Retrieved
September 13, 2024, from https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Children-and-Gangs-098.aspx
Alber, R. (2017, January 27) Gender equity in the classroom. Retrieved
September 13, 2024, from https://www.edutopia.org/blog/gender-equity-classroom-rebecca-alber
Albritton, M. & Boyd, N. (2003-2024). Sociology 101:
Intro to sociology. Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/prejudice-theories-and-ideas-on-origins.html
Allen, M. L., Rosas-Lee, M., Ortega,
L., Hang, M., Pregament, S., and Pratt, R.
(2016). They just respect you for who you are: Contributors to educator
positive youth development promotion for Somali, Latino, and Hmong
students. Journal of Primary Prevention, 37(1), pp. 71–86. They Just Respect You for Who You Are: Contributors to
Educator Positive Youth Development Promotion for Somali, Latino, and Hmong
Students - PMC
Alperin, E. & Batalova, J. (2018,
August 1). European immigrants in the United States. Retrieved September
13, 2024, from https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/european-immigrants-united-states-2016
Appleton, J. (2019). Student
well-being: Teaching with empathy and staff collaboration. In Geng. G., Smith,
P., Black, P., Budd, Y., Disney, L. (eds), Reflective Practice in Teaching
(pp. 165–170). Springer: Singapore.
Arab American Institute. (2021). National
Arab American demographics. Retrieved September 9, 2024, from https://www.aaiusa.org/demographics#:~:text=As%20an%20ethnic%20community%2C%20Arab,than%2085%25%20are%20U.S.%20citizens.
Atiles, J. T., Douglas, J. R., & Allexsaht-Snider. (2017). Early childhood teachers’ efficacy in the US rural Midwest:
Teaching culturally diverse learners. Journal for Multicultural
Education, 11(2), 119–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/JME-10-2015-0032
Banks, J. A. (Ed.). (1996). Multicultural education, transformative knowledge &
action: Historical and contemporary perspectives.
Teachers College Press.
Banks, J. A. (2016). Cultural diversity and education: Foundations, curriculum,
and teaching. Routledge.
Banks, J. A. (2019). An introduction to multicultural education (6th ed.).
Allyn & Bacon.
Banks, J. A., & Banks, C. A. M.
(2019). Multicultural education: Issues and perspectives.
Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Banks, T., Obiakor,
F. E., & Algozzine, B. (2017). Preparing
leaders to work with students with diverse learning needs. In F.
E. Obiakor, T. Banks, & A. F. Rotatori (Eds.), Leadership
matters in education of students with special needs in the 21st century (Chapter
3, pp. 39–60). Retrieved September 23, 2024, from https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Odg1DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA39&ots=SPo8gNc4f1&sig=ygF_dIE2eBkuV1bMjOQI15iBH2o#v=onepage&q&f=false
Barber, C. (2009). Don’t know much
about Native American students. Teacher Librarian, 36(3),
35–36.
Baron-Cohen, S. (2005). The essential
difference: The male and female brain. Phi Kappa Phi Forum, 85(1),
23–27. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Simon-Baron-Cohen/publication/232430614_The_Essential_Difference_The_Truth_About_The_Male_And_Female_Brain/links/547cdb7a0cf2cfe203c1fde2/The-Essential-Difference-The-Truth-About-The-Male-And-Female-Brain.pdf
Barrett, M., Magas, C. P., Gruppen, L.
D., Dedhia, P., & Sandhu, G. (2017). It’s
worth the wait: Optimizing questioning methods for effective intraoperative
teaching. ANZ Journal of Surgery,
84(708), 541–546. https://doi.org/10.1111/ans.14046
Barshay, J. (2020). A decade of research
on the rich-poor divide in education. Retrieved from A decade of research on education inequality in America
Bartlett, K.
A., & Camba, J. D. (2023). Gender differences in spatial ability: A critical
review. Educational Psychology
Review, 35(8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09728-2
Beegle, D. M. (2017). Communication across barriers [website].
combarriers.com
Bennett, C. (2015). Comprehensive multicultural education: Theory and practice.
Allyn & Bacon.
Birkett, M., Espelage, D. L., &
Koenig, B. (2009). LGB and questioning students in schools: The moderating
effects of homophobic bullying and school climate on negative outcomes. Journal
of Youth and Adolescence, 38(7), 989–1000. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-008-9389-1
Blevins, J. A. (2017). The exploration of teacher efficacy and
influences of context at two rural Appalachian high schools [Doctoral
dissertation]. Lexington, University of Kentucky. https://doi.org/10.13023/ETD.2017.283
Bonomo, V. (2010). Gender matters in
elementary education: Research-based strategies to meet the distinctive
learning needs of boys and girls. Educational
Horizons, 88(4), 275–264. Retrieved September 13, 2024, from https://eric.ed.gov/?q=EJ895692&id=EJ895692
Borgonvi, F. (2020,
February 13). Analysis: Girls consistently outperform boys in reading skills—But
could this be changing? UCL News. Retrieved September 13, 2024, from https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2020/feb/analysis-girls-consistently-outperform-boys-reading-skills-could-be-changing
Brannon, L. (2017). Gender: Psychological perspective (5th
ed.). Pearson.
Brown, D. F. (2004). Urban teachers’
professed classroom management strategies: Reflections of culturally responsive
teaching. Urban Education, 39(3),
266–289. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085904263258
Brown, K. L. (2003). From
teacher-centered to learner-centered curriculum: Improving learning in diverse
classrooms. Education, 124(1),
49–54.
Brown, N., Morehead, P., & Smith,
J. B. (2008). . . . But I love
children: Changing elementary teacher candidates’ conceptions of the qualities
of effective teachers. Teacher Education Quarterly, 35(1),
169–183. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/10a8/65ad359e67d8d923f02d30763b3758fcef11.pdf
Burney, V. H., & Beilke, J. R.
(2008). The constraints of poverty on high achievement. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 31(3),
171–198. https://doi.org/10.4219/jeg-2008-771
Caplan, P. J., & Caplan, J. B.
(2016). Thinking critically about research on sex and gender.
Pearson.
Carrasco, C., Alarcón, R., & Trianes, M. V. (2017). Social adjustment and cooperative work in primary education: Teacher
and parent perceptions. Journal
of Psychodidactics (English edition), 23(1).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psicoe.2017.02.001
Carrier, S. J. (2009). Environmental
education in the schoolyard: Learning styles and gender. Journal of Environmental Education, 40(3),
2–13. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOEE.40.3.2-12
Carter, N. (2016). What instructional strategies are effective for increasing vocabulary
for English language learners in a preschool classroom? [Doctoral
dissertation]. St. Paul, Minnesota, Hamline University. Retrieved September 13,
2024, from https://digitalcommons.hamline.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5246&context=hse_all
CASEL [Collaborative for Academic,
Social, and Emotional Learning]. (n.d.) What does the research say? Retrieved
September 13, 2024, from https://casel.org/fundamentals-of-sel/what-does-the-research-say/
CCCC [Conference on College Composition
and Communication]. (2021, June 30). CCCC statement on Ebonics.
Retrieved September 9, 2024, from https://cccc.ncte.org/cccc/resources/positions/ebonics
CCVPC [California Crime and Violence
Prevention Center]. (2024). Why youth join gangs.
Tarrant Cares. Retrieved September 13, 2024, from https://tarrant.tx.networkofcare.org/kids/library/article.aspx?id=1814
Cherry, K. (2023). What is empathy? Retrieved
September 13, 2024, from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-empathy-2795562
Chiu, M.M. (2018). Contextual
Influences on girls’ and boys’ motivation and reading achievement: Family, schoolmates,
and country. In O. García & P. Baldwin Lind (Eds.), Reading achievement
and motivation in boys and girls. Literacy Studies, Vol. 15. Springer, Cham.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75948-7_3
Cohen, C. B. (2000). Teaching about ethnic diversity. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED273539.pdf
Colker, L. J. (2008). Twelve
characteristics of effective early childhood teachers. Young Children, 63(2), 68–73. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Laura-Colker-2/publication/292062700_Twelve_characteristics_of_effective_early_childhood_teachers/links/5bf4d3d24585150b2bc63df1/Twelve-characteristics-of-effective-early-childhood-teachers.pdf
Conerly, R. R., Holmes, K. &
Tamang, A. L (2021). Racial, ethnic, and minority groups. OpenStax.
Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-3e/pages/11-1-racial-ethnic-and-minority-groups
Constantinou, P. (2013). Heightening
our awareness of gender stereotypes. Strategies: A Journal for
Physical and Sports Educators, 21(3), 38–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/08924562.2008.10590774
Council of Chief State School Officers.
(2019, March 21). Measuring school climate and social and emotional learning
and development. https://ccsso.org/sites/default/files/2019-03/CCSSO-EdCounsel%20SE%20and%20School%20Climate%20measurement_0.pdf
Durlak, J. A., Mahoney, J. L., & Weissberg, R. P.
(2018). Update on social and emotional learning outcome research. Phi Delta
Kappan, 100(4), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721718815668
Fishman-Weaver, K. (2019). When your child learns
differently. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003239574
Fishman-Weaver, K. (2019, December 3). How
to audit your classroom library for diversity. Edutopia. Retrieved January
3, 2020, from https://www.edutopia.org/article/how-audit-your-classroom-library-diversity
Fleming, W. C. (2006). Myths and
stereotypes about Native Americans. Phi
Delta Kappan, 88(3), 213–217. http://www.pdkmembers.org/members_online/publications/Archive/pdf/k0611fle.pdf
Fleming, W. C. (2007). Getting past our myths and stereotypes about Native
Americans. Education Digest, 72(7),
51–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170608800319
Florian,
L. (2017). Teacher education for the changing demographics of schooling:
Inclusive education for each and every learner. In L.
Florian & N. Pantić (Eds.), Teacher education for the changing
demographics of schooling: Inclusive learning and educational equity (Vol.
2, pp. 9–20). Springer, Cham.
Fox,
L. E., & Burns, K. (September 9, 2012). What’s the difference between
the supplemental and official poverty measures? Retrieved September 13,
2024, from https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/random-samplings/2021/09/difference-between-supplemental-and-official-poverty-measures.html
Fram, M. S., Miller-Cribbs, J. E.,
& Horn, L. V. (2007). Poverty, race and the contexts of achievement:
Examining educational experiences of children in the U.S. South. Social Work, 52(4), 309–319. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/52.4.309
Hammond, Z. (2015). Culturally responsive teaching and the
brain. Corwin.
Gamboa, S. (2023, November 8). Over 1
in 4 Americans will be Latino by 2060, census projects. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/1-4-americans-will-latino-2060-census-projects-rcna124244
Gay, G. (2017). The importance of multicultural education. Educational Leadership: Journal of the Department of Supervision and
Curriculum Development, 61(4),
30–35. http://pdo.ascd.org/lmscourses/PD11OC123/media/Diversity_Eff_Teaching_M1_Reading_Importance_of_Multicultural_Ed.pdf
Gershenson, S., & Papageorge, N.
(2018). The power of teacher expectations: How racial bias hinders student
attainment. Education Next, 18(1), 64–70. Retrieved
September 14, 2024, from https://www.educationnext.org/power-of-teacher-expectations-racial-bias-hinders-student-attainment/
Ghidina,
M. (2019). Deconstructing victim-blaming, dehumanization, and othering: Using empathy to develop a sociological
imagination. Teaching Sociology, 47(3), 231–242. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092055X19843978
Gibson, C. J., & Lennon, E. (2006,
February). Historical census statistics on the foreign-born population of
the United States: 1850–1990 (Working Paper No. 29). U.S. Census Bureau.
Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/1999/demo/POP-twps0029.html
Godwin, A. (2007). Infecting
your kids with integrity. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from Infecting Your Kids
With Integrity | People Problems
Godwin, A. (2011). How to solve your people problems: Dealing with your
difficult relationships. Harvest House.
Gollnick, D. M., & Chinn, P. (2021).
Multicultural education in a pluralistic society.
Pearson.
Gover, K. (2014). Nation to nation:
Treaties between the United States and American Indian nations. American
Indian, 15(2). Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.americanindianmagazine.org/story/nation-nation-treaties-between-united-states-and-american-indian-nations
Grissom, J. A., & Redding, C.
Discretion and disproportionality: Explaining the underrepresentation of
high-achieving students of color in gifted programs. (2020). AERA Open. https://doi.org/10.3886/E118202V1
Gurian, M. (2011). Boys and girls learn differently! A guide for teachers and
parents. Jossey-Bass.
Gurian, M. (2003). The boys and girls learn differently action
guide for teachers.Jossey-Bass.
Gurian, M., & Stevens, K. (2005,
November 1). With boys and girls in mind. Educational
Leadership, 62(3). Retrieved
September 14, 2024, from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/nov04/vol62/num03/With-Boys-and-Girls-in-Mind.aspx
Gurian, M., & Stevens, K. (2017). The minds of boys and girls: A brain based
approach [DVD]. Available at https://www.michaelgurian.com/products/minds-boys-girls-brain-based-approach-mp3s/
Gurian, M., Stevens, K., & King, K.
(2008). Strategies for teaching boys and girls: Secondary
level. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Hajducky,
J. (2018, September 27). Here’s how teachers can help students overcome
stereotype threat. Educationpost.
Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://educationpost.org/heres-how-teachers-can-help-students-overcome-stereotype-threat/
Hammond, Z. (2015). Culturally
responsive teaching and the brain. Corwin.
Hansen, M. Lindsay, C., &
Gershenson, S. (2020). Teacher diversity and student success. Harvard
Education Press.
Hansen, M., Lindsay, C., &
Gershenson, S. (2022, August 1). It matters now more than ever: What new
developments say about Teacher Diversity and Student Success. The Brookings
Institution. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.brookings.edu/articles/it-matters-now-more-than-ever-what-new-developments-say-about-teacher-diversity-and-student-success/
Heemskerk, I., ten Dam, G., Volman, M.,
& Admiraal, W. (2009). Gender inclusiveness in educational technology and
learning experiences of girls and boys. Journal of Research on
Technology in Education, 41(3), 253–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2009.10782531
Hesketh, R. (2019, November 4). Why
do young people join gangs? Members explain the appeal of risk taking. The
Conversation. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://theconversation.com/why-do-young-people-join-gangs-members-explain-the-appeal-of-risk-taking-120844
Higa, D., Hoppe, M. J., Lindhorst, T.,
Mincer, S., Beadnell, B., Morrison, D. M., Wells, E. A., Todd, A., &
Mountz, S. (2014). Negative and positive factors associated with the well-being
of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth. Youth
& Society, 46(5), 663–687. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X12449630
Himmele,
P., & Himmele, W. (2013). Total participation techniques: Making every student an active learner (2nd ed.). ASCD.
Hollingshead, A. Kroeger, S. D., Altus,
J., & Trytten, J. B. (2016). A case study of positive behavior
supports-based interventions in a seventh-grade urban classroom. Preventing School Failure: Alternative
Education for Children and Youth, 60(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/1045988X.2015.1124832
Holt, C. B., & Garcia, P. (2005).
Preparing teachers for children in poverty: The Nashville district picks up the
mantle for qualified instruction in high-need schools. School Administrator, 62(11),
22–26.
Horn, D. (2019). The role of empathy in
teaching and tutoring students with learning disabilities. Pedagogy, 19(1),
168–179. https://doi.org/10.1215/15314200-7173839
Human Rights Campaign. (2023). Glossary
of terms. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.hrc.org/resources/glossary-of-terms?utm_source=ads_ms_HRC_20240306-HRC-AW-micsoft-Natl-GlossaryRP_GlossaryKeywords_a002-responsive-rst_p:what%20is%20lgbt
Irvine, J. J. (2001). Caring, competent teachers in complex classrooms.
AACTE.
James, A. N. (2015). Teaching the male brain: How boys think, feel, and learn in
school. Corwin.
Jihan, R., Venkatesh, V., Borokhovski, E., Pickup, D., Varela, W., & Mercier, J.
(2017). At the intersection of gender
& technology: A meta-analysis. Spectrum Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.18848/1832-3669/cgp/v13i03/1-32
Jones, L. R. (2008, September 3). Teaching
secrets: Bridging the gender gap. Education
Week. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.edweek.org/education/opinion-teaching-secrets-bridging-the-gender-gap/2008/09
Justo. (2023). Unveiling Native American stereotypes:
Unveiling the truth. Retrieved September 24, 2024, from https://nativetribe.info/demystifying-native-american-stereotypes-unveiling-the-truth/
Kitano, M. K., & Perkins, C. O.
(2000). Gifted European American women. Journal for the Education
of the Gifted, 23(3), 287–313.
Korhonen, V. (2023). Legal
immigrants in the United States FY 2021, by region of birth. Statista. Retrieved
September 14, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/201144/legal-immigrants-in-the-united-states-by-region-of-birth/
Kosciw,
J. G., Greytak, E. A., Zongrone, A. D., Clark, C. M.,
& Truong, N. L. (2018). The 2017 National School Climate Survey: The experiences
of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer youth in our nation’s schools.
Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network (GLSEN). https://www.glsen.org/sites/default/files/2019-10/GLSEN-2017-National-School-Climate-Survey-NSCS-Full-Report.pdf
Larson, K. (2016). Classroom management
training for teachers in urban environments serving predominately African
American students: A review of the literature. Urban Review, 48(1), 51–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-015-0345-6
Le,
C. N. (2024). 14 important statistics about Asian Americans.
Asian-Nation: The Landscape of Asian America. https://www.asian-nation.org/14-statistics.shtml
Levine,
S. C., Foley, F., Lourenco, S., Ehrlich, S., & Ratliff, K. (2016). Sex
differences in spatial cognition: Advancing the conversation. WIREs Cognitive
Science, 7(2), 127–155. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1380
Lewis,
A. D. (2017). Social class and race in the classroom. In Preservice
teachers, social class, and race in urban schools (Chapter 2). Palgrave
Pivot.
Luft,
J. A., & Dubois, S. L. (2017). Essential instructional practices for
science teaching. In K. S. Taber & B. Akpan (Eds.), Science education:
New directions in mathematics and science education (pp. 235–245). Sense.
Lynch,
M. (2016, August 19). The 4 characteristics of a healthy school culture.
Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.theedadvocate.org/the-4-characteristics-of-a-healthy-school-culture/
Lynch, M. (2023, June 2). The importance of
multicultural education. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.theedadvocate.org/the-importance-of-multicultural-education/
Macionis, J. J. (2017). Sociology. Pearson Prentice Hall.
Mahoney, J. L., Durlak, J. A., &
Weissberg, R. P. (2018). An update on social and emotional learning outcome
research. Phi Delta Kappan, 100(4), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721718815668
Manning, M. L., & Baruth, L. G.
(2017). Multicultural education of children and adolescents.
Pearson.
Marquis-Hobbs, T. (2014). Enriching the
lives of students in poverty. Education
Digest, 80(4), 34–39.
Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.csba.org/Newsroom/CASchoolsMagazine/2014/Spring/InThisIssue/StudentsinPoverty.aspx#gsc.tab=0
Matthiessen, C. (2019, November 18;
updated 2024, June 17). Why diversity in
classrooms matter. Retrieved September 14, 2024,
from https://www.greatschools.org/gk/articles/why-diversity-in-classrooms-matters/
Maxwell, E., & Henning, A. (2017, December 20). Female
gang membership: Current treads and future directions. Police Chief Online.
Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.policechiefmagazine.org/female-gang-membership/?ref=90cbfb51c37ed740893c5ec428337d1e
McFarland, J., Hussar, B., Zhang, J.,
Wang, X., Wang, K., Hein, S., Diliberti, M., Forrest Cataldi, E., Bullock Mann,
F., & Barmer, A. (2019). The condition of education 2019 (NCES
2019-144). National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of
Education. Retrieved September 13, 2024, from https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2019/2019144.pdf
McMurdock,
M. (2022). Black, Latina students disproportionately taught by inexperienced,
uncertified teachers, new research says. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.the74million.org/black-latino-students-disproportionately-taught-by-inexperienced-uncertified-teachers-new-research-shows/
Meacham, M., & Stokes, T. (2008). Life
development of gang members: Interventions at various stages. Forensic Examiner, 17(1),
34–39. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/life-development-gang-members-interventions-various-stages
Meckler, L., & Rabinowitz, K. (2019,
December 27). America’s schools are more diverse than ever. But the teachers
are still mostly white. Washington Post. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from
https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/local/education/teacher-diversity/
Meyers, S., Rowell, K., Wells, M.,
& Smith, B. C. (2019). Teacher empathy: A model of empathy for teaching for
student success. College Teaching, 67(3), 160–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/87567555.2019.1579699
Miller, M. (2007). Differentiated reading instruction and classroom management structures that promote reading development
[Doctoral dissertation]. Gainesville, University of
Florida. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b2e9/52eb2099d8ea06f13917b2042468a8ce0495.pdf
Montuoro P., & Lewis, R. (2017).
Personal responsibility and behavioral disengagement in innocent bystanders
during classroom management events: The moderating effect of teacher aggressive
tendencies. Journal of Educational
Research, 111(4), 439–445. https:/doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2017.1291486
Moore, J., & Hagedorn, J. (2001).
Female gangs: A focus on research. OjjDP Juvenile Justice
Bulletin. https://eric.ed.gov/?q=ED452295&id=ED452295
Moran, R. T., Abramson, N. R., &
Moran, S. V. (2014). Managing cultural
differences (9th ed.).
Routledge.
Moslimani,
M. Tamir, C., Budiman, A., Noe-Bustamante, L., & Mora, L. (2024). Facts
about the U.S. Black population. Pew Research Center. Retrieved September
14, 2024, from https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/fact-sheet/facts-about-the-us-black-population/
NAME [National Association of
Multicultural Education]. Advancing multicultural
learning. https://www.nameorg.org/advancing_multicultural_learni.php#:~:text=We%20conceptualize%20multicultural%20learning%20in,that%20impact%20on%20student%20outcomes.
National Gang Center. (2024). Frequently
asked questions about gangs. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention. Retrieved September 13, 2024, from https://nationalgangcenter.ojp.gov/about/faq#11-0
NCES [National Center for Education
Statistics]. (2017, May). The condition of education 2017. Institute of
Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education. https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2017/2017144.pdf
Neary, A. (2019, August 20). Critical
imaginaries of empathy in teaching and learning about diversity in teacher
education. Teaching Education, 31(4), 444–458. https://doi.org/10.1080/10476210.2019.1649648
Nguyen, T. D., Lam, C. B., & Bruno,
P. (2022). Is there a national teacher shortage? A systematic examination of
reports of teacher shortages in the United States (EdWorking
Paper No. 22-631). https://edworkingpapers.com/sites/default/files/ai22-631.pdf
NSSSS [National School Safety and
Security Services]. (2024). Gangs & school safety. Retrieved
September 13, 2024, from https://schoolsecurity.org/trends/gangs/
Obiakor,
F. E. (2001). It even happens in “good” schools: Responding to
cultural diversity in today’s classrooms.
Corwin Press.
O’Meara, N., Fitzmaurice, O., &
Johnson, P. (2017). Old habits die hard: An uphill struggle against rules
without reason in mathematics teacher education. European
Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 5,
91–109. https://doi.org/10.30935/scimath/9500
O’Neal, E. N., Decker, S. H., &
Moule, R. K. (2016). Girls, gangs, and
getting out: Gender differences and similarities in leaving the gang. Youth
Violence and Juvenile Justice, 14(1), 43–60. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541204014551426
Parenteau, S. (2019). Teaching
empathy [Capstone project]. University of California, Monterey Bay. https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1441&context=caps_thes_all
Patton, B. A., Fry, J., & Klages,
C. (2008). Teacher candidates’ and master math teachers’ personal concepts
about teaching mathematics. Education, 128(3),
486–497.
Pena, J. E., Lowe, Jr., R. H., &
Rios-Vargas, M. (2023, September 26). Columbian and Honduran populations surpassed
a million for the first time; Venezuelan population grew the fastest of all
Hispanic groups since 2010. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September
14, 2024, from https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/09/2020-census-dhc-a-hispanic-population.html
Peterson, R. D., & Howell, J. C.
(2013). Program approaches for girls in gangs: Female specific or gender
neutral. Criminal Justice Review, 38(4),
491–509. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734016813510935
Podolsky, A., Kini, T., Bishop, J.,
& Darling-Hammond, L. (2017). Sticky
schools: How to find and keep teachers in the classroom. Phi
Delta Kappan, 98(8), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721717708290
Pogrow,
S. (2006). Restructuring high-poverty elementary schools for success: A
description of the hi-perform school design. Phi Delta Kappan, 88(3),
223–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170608800323
Ponterotto,
J. G., Baluch, S., Greig, T., & Rivera, L. (1998). Teacher Multicultural
Attitude Survey (TMCA) [Database record]. APA Psyc Tests.
Reiter, A. (2017). Helping undergraduates learn to read mathematics. https://web.mnstate.edu/jamesju/Spr2019/Content/ReadingMathematics.pdf
Roberts,
S. A., Bianchini, J. A., Lee, J. S., Hough, S., & Carpenter, S. L. (2017).
Developing an adaptive disposition for supporting English language learners in
science: A capstone science methods course. In A. Oliveira & M. Weinburgh (Eds.), Science teacher preparation in
content-based second language acquisition (pp. 79–95). ASTE Series in
Science Education. Springer, Cham.
Ronen, K. K. (2020). Empathy awareness
among pre-service teachers: The case of the incorrect use of the intuitive rule
“Same A–Same B.” International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education,
18(2), 183–201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-019-09952-9
Russell, S. T., Ryan, C., Toomey, R.
B., Diaz, R. M., & Sanchez, J. (2011). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and
transgender adolescent school victimization: Implications for young adult
health and adjustment. Journal of School Health, 81(5), 223–230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00583.x
Salsbury, D. E. (2008). A strategy for
preservice teachers to integrate cultural elements within planning and
instruction: Cultural L.I.V.E.S. Journal of Social Studies Research, 32(2),
31–40. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ829406
Sax, L. (2017). Why gender matters: What parents and teachers need to know
about the emerging science of sex differences.
Broadway Books.
Schaefer, R. T. (2019). Racial and ethnic groups.
Pearson Prentice Hall.
Segura-Robles, A., &
Parra-Gonzalez, M. E. (2019). Analysis of teachers’ intercultural sensitivity
levels in multicultural contexts. Sustainability, 11(1), 3137–3143. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113137
Sleeter, C. (2017). Un-standardizing curriculum: Multicultural teaching in the
standards-based classroom. Teachers College Press.
Snyder, T., & Musu-Gillette, L.
(2015, April 16). Free or reduced price lunch:
A proxy for poverty? NCES Blog, National Center for Education
Statistics. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from Free or reduced
price lunch: A proxy for poverty? | IES
Soken-Huberty, E. (2024). Prejudice
101: Definitions, facts, examples. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://www.humanrightscareers.com/issues/prejudice-101-definition-facts-examples/
Sousa, D. (2022). How the brain learns.
Corwin Press.
Stephan, W. (1999). Reducing prejudice and stereotyping in schools. Teachers
College Press.
Svedholm-Häkkinen,
Lindeman, L., & Ojala, S. J. (2016). Male
brain type women and female brain type men: Gender atypical cognitive profiles
and their correlates. Personality and
Individual Differences, 122(1), 7–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.041
Taylor, T. J., Freng, A., Esbensen, F.,
& Petersen, D. (2007). Gang membership as a risk
factor for adolescent violent victimization. Journal of Research Crime and Delinquency,44, 352–380. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022427807305845
Taylor, T. J., Freng, A., Esbensen, F.,
& Petersen, D. (2008). Youth gang membership and serious violent
victimization: The importance of lifestyles and routine activities. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 23, 1441–1464.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260508314306
Terry, N. P., & Irving, M. A.
(2013). Cultural and linguistic diversity: Issues in education. In R.
Colarusso, C. M. O’Rourke, & M. Leontovich
(Eds.), Special education for ALL
teachers (6th ed.). Kendall Hunt.
UN [United Nations]. (n.d.). World Day
for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development, 21 May. Retrieved September
7, 2024, from https://www.un.org/en/observances/cultural-diversity-day
U.S. Census Bureau (2023). Child
poverty rates still higher than for older
populations but declining. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/12/poverty-rate-varies-by-age-groups.html
U.S. Census Bureau. (2023). How
the Census Bureau measures poverty. Retrieved February 13, 2025, from How the Census
Bureau Measures Poverty
USA Facts. (2023). Which states have the highest child poverty rates? Retrieved September 13, 2024, from https://usafacts.org/articles/which-states-have-highest-child-poverty-rates/
USAFacts
Team. (2023). AAPI demographics: Data on Asian American ethnicities, geography,
income, and education. Retrieved September 9, 2024, from https://usafacts.org/articles/the-diverse-demographics-of-asian-americans/
United States Census Bureau. (2024).
Official language of the United States. Retrieved from Official language of the United States | USAGov
Urban Ventures. (n.d.). Facts about
poverty. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from Facts About Poverty — Urban Ventures
Wang, H. L., & Talbot, R. (2021,
August 22). This is how the white population is actually
changing based on new census data. Retrieved September 7, 2024, from
https://www.npr.org/2021/08/22/1029609786/2020-census-data-results-white-population-shrinking-decline-non-hispanic-race
What is empathy? (2024). Greater
Good Magazine. Greater Good Science Center at Berkeley, California.
Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition
Wood, C., & Virzi, A. (2019).
Teachers navigating cultural and linguistic differences: Building empathy
through participation in immersive experience. In D. Martin & E. Smolcic (Eds.), Redefining teaching competence through
immersive programs (pp. 183–206). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24788-1_7
Yoon, E. (2020, June 6). How can
educators support LGBTQ students in K-12? Florida State University, College
of Education, Health, and Human Services. Retrieved September 14, 2024, from https://cehhs.fsu.edu/how-can-educators-support-lgbtq-students-k-12
Zimbardo, P. G. (1969). The human choice:
Individuation, reason, and order versus deindividuation, impulse, and chaos. In
W. T. Arnold & D. Levine (Eds.), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 17,
237–307.
Zong, J. (2022). A mosaic, not a
monolith: A profile of the U.S. Latino population, 2000–2020. Retrieved September
14, 2024, from https://latino.ucla.edu/research/latino-population-2000-2020/
Course content is updated every three years. Due to this
update timeline, some URL links may no longer be active or may have changed.
Please type the title of the organization into the command line of any Internet
browser search window and you will be able to find whether the URL link is
still active or any new link to the corresponding organization's web home page.
Updated
3/3/25