Reciprocal Determinism

Behavior:

• Behavior influences personal variables.
• Behavior produces effects on environmental variables.

Personal Variables:

• Personal variables influence behavior.
• Physical characteristics elicit different environmental responses.

Environmental Variables:

• Antecedents elicit behaviors.
• Consequences strengthen or weaken behaviors.
• Antecedents influence personal variables.
• Consequences strengthen or weaken personal variables.

Personal variables:

• Cognitions (e.g. beliefs, expectations, values, perceptions, awareness, problem solving)
• Emotions (e.g. anger, anxiety, depression)
• Competencies (e.g. social skills, self-, stress- and behavior-management)
• Physical characteristics (e.g. attractiveness, race, size, sex, social attributes)

Environmental variables:

• Antecedents (e.g. modeling, setting events, cues)
• Consequences (e.g. positive and negative reinforcement, punishment, reward)